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Showing posts with label struct. Show all posts

Saturday, 30 July 2016

Structures and Pointers

#include<stdio.h>

struct student

{

char name[20];

int rollno;

float mark;

};

main()

{

struct student S1;

struct student *p;

p = &S1;

printf("\nEnter name rollno and mark of a student:");

scanf("%s %d %f", p->name, &p->rollno, &p->mark );

printf("\n Name is %s \n Rollno is %d \n Mark is %f", p->name, p->rollno, p->mark );

}

Output:

Enter name rollno and mark of a student: aaa 21 98

Name is aaa

Rollno is 21

Mark is 98.000000

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https://tejaswinihbhat.blogspot.in/2016/07/data-structures-15CS33-Module1.html
https://tejaswinihbhat.blogspot.in/2016/07/structures.html

Array of Structures

#include<stdio.h>

struct student

{

char name[20];
int rollno;
float mark;

};

main()

{

struct student S[10];

int i, n;

printf("\nEnter the number of students: ");

scanf("%d", &n);

for(i=0; i<n; i++)

{

printf("\nEnter name rollno and mark of a student %d: ", i+1);

scanf("%s %d %f", S[i].name, &S[i].rollno, &S[i].mark );

}

for(i=0; i<n; i++)

{

printf("\nStudent %d details: ", i+1);

printf("\n \tName is %s \n\tRollno is %d \n\tMark is %f", S[i].name, S[i].rollno, S[i].mark );

}

Output:

Enter the number of students: 3

Enter name rollno and mark of a student 1: aaa 10 55

Enter name rollno and mark of a student 2: bbb 20 66

Enter name rollno and mark of a student 3: ccc 30 77

Student 1 details:

Name is aaa

Rollno is 10

Mark is 55.000000

Student 2 details:

Name is bbb

Rollno is 20

Mark is 66.000000

Student 3 details:

Name is ccc

Rollno is 30

Mark is 77.000000

Goto Main Content:
https://tejaswinihbhat.blogspot.in/2016/07/data-structures-15CS33-Module1.html
https://tejaswinihbhat.blogspot.in/2016/07/structures.html

Thursday, 28 July 2016

Initialization of Structure Variables

Structure Variable Initialization

#include<stdio.h>
struct student
{
char name[20];
int rollno;
float mark;
}S1={"aaaa", 111, 40}; // Method 1

void main()
{
struct student S2 = {"BBB", 222, 50}; // Method 2

struct student S3, S4, S5;

printf("\n\n Student1: \n\tName is %s \n\tRollno is %d \n\tMark is %f", S1.name, S1.rollno, S1.mark );
printf("\n\n Student2: \n\tName is %s \n\tRollno is %d \n\tMark is %f", S2.name, S2.rollno, S2.mark );

S3 = S2; // Method 3: Assigning one structure variable to another
printf("\n\n Student3: \n\tName is %s \n\tRollno is %d \n\tMark is %f", S3.name, S3.rollno, S3.mark );

// Method 4: Individual members initialization
strcpy(S4.name, "DDD");
S4.rollno = 444;
S4.mark = 70;
printf("\n\n Student4: \n\tName is %s \n\tRollno is %d \n\tMark is %f", S4.name, S4.rollno, S4.mark );

// Method 5: Taking values from user
printf("\nEnter name rollno and mark of a student5:");
scanf("%s %d %f", S5.name, &S5.rollno, &S5.mark );
printf("\n\n Student5: \n\tName is %s \n\tRollno is %d \n\tMark is %f", S5.name, S5.rollno, S5.mark );

}

Output:

Student1:
Name is aaaa
Rollno is 111
Mark is 40.000000

Student2:
Name is BBB
Rollno is 222
Mark is 50.000000

Student3:
Name is BBB
Rollno is 222
Mark is 50.000000

Student4:
Name is DDD
Rollno is 444
Mark is 70.000000

Enter name rollno and mark of a student5: EEE 555 70
Student5:
Name is EEE
Rollno is 555
Mark is 70.000000

Goto Main Content:
https://tejaswinihbhat.blogspot.in/2016/07/data-structures-15CS33-Module1.html
https://tejaswinihbhat.blogspot.in/2016/07/structures.html

Declaring Structure Variables

Structure Variable Declaration

1. With structure definition

Syntax:

struct tagname
{
datatype member1;
datatype member2;
:
:
datatype memberN;
} var1, var2, var3 ;

Example:

struct student

{

char name[20];

char usn[20];

int age;

float mark;

} S1, S2, S3;

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. Omitting tagname

Syntax:

struct
{
datatype member1;
datatype member2;
:
:
datatype memberN;
} var1, var2, var3 ;

Example:

struct

{

char name[20];

char usn[20];

int age;

float mark;

}S1, S2, S3;

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. Using struct tagname

Syntax:

struct tagname

{

datatype member1;

datatype member2;

datatype memberN;

};

struct tagname var1, var2, var3 ;

Example:

struct student

{

char name[20];

char usn[20];

int age;

float mark;

};

struct student S1, S2, S3;

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4. Using typedef

Syntax:

struct tagname

{

datatype member1;

datatype member2;

datatype memberN;

};

typedef struct tagname newname;

newname var1, var2, var3 ;

Example:

struct student

{

char name[20];

char usn[20];

int age;

float mark;

};

typedef struct student stu;

stu S1, S2, S3;

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

5. Using typedef struct tagname

Syntax:

typedef struct tagname

{

datatype member1;

datatype member2;

datatype memberN;

}newname;

newname var1, var2, var3 ;

Example:

typedef struct student

{

char name[20];

char usn[20];

int age;

float mark;

}stu;

stu S1, S2, S3;

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

6. Using typedef struct

Syntax:

typedef struct

{

datatype member1;

datatype member2;

datatype memberN;

}newname;

newname var1, var2, var3 ;

Example:

typedef struct

{

char name[20];

char usn[20];

int age;

float mark;

}stu;

stu S1, S2, S3;

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

7. Using typedef struct tagname (omiting newname)

Syntax:

typedef struct tagname

{

datatype member1;

datatype member2;

datatype memberN;

};

tagname var1, var2, var3 ;

Example:

typedef struct student

{

char name[20];

char usn[20];

int age;

float mark;

};

student S1, S2, S3;

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-->Check Next Topic-->
https://tejaswinihbhat.blogspot.in/2016/07/initialization-of-structure-variables.html

Goto Main Content:

https://tejaswinihbhat.blogspot.in/2016/07/data-structures-15CS33-Module1.html
https://tejaswinihbhat.blogspot.in/2016/07/structures.html

Structure Template

Structure

Structure is a collection of elements of different data type under a single name.

Structure Template:

A structure is declared using the keyword struct followed by the structure name (tagname).

struct tagname

{

datatype member1;

datatype member2;

datatype memberN;

};

Here,

Declaring a structure creates a template that describes the characteristics of its members.
struct is a keyword.
tagname is the structure name.
Here struct tagname becomes the datatype.
member1, member2,.... memberN are the members of the structure.
So, structure variables can be declared using struct tagname.
The elements of a structure are referred as members.
Every structure template should end with semicolon.
Declaration of the structure template does not reserve any space in memory for the members; space is reserved only when variables of this structure type are declared.
Members are not variables; they don't have any existence till they are attached with a structure variable.
Member names inside a structure should be different from one another; but these names can be similar to any other variable name declared outside the structure.
Member names inside 2 different structures can also be same.
Structure template can be declared gloably / locally.

Example:

#include<stdio.h>

struct student

{

char name[20];

int rollno;

float mark;

};

main()

{

struct student S1;

printf("\nEnter name rollno and mark of a student:");

scanf("%s %d %f", S1.name, &S1.rollno, &S1.mark );

printf("\n Name is %s \n Rollno is %d \n Mark is %f", S1.name, S1.rollno, S1.mark );

}

Output:

Enter name rollno and mark of a student: aaa 21 98

Name is aaa

Rollno is 21

Mark is 98.000000

---> Check Next Topic --->
Declaring Structure Variable

or Goto Main content
https://tejaswinihbhat.blogspot.in/2016/07/data-structures-15CS33-Module1.html
https://tejaswinihbhat.blogspot.in/2016/07/structures.html